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LONG FIBER REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS FOR INJECTION AND COMPRESSION MOLDING
| Long fiber thermoplastics (LFT) are composites received from thermoplastic polymers (PA, PP, PET, PE) filled with glass roving. LFT was been produced by “on-line” pultrusion technology and intend for injection molding and pressure of products possessed higher mechanical properties. |
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In dependence upon mass part of filling composites have making 20-60 w. %. The length of fibers is from 5 to 25 mm, cross-sectional square is from 2,5 to 5 mm2. Materials are work into products by ordinary injection molding machines. By this wear and tear of worm and cylinder are importantly less than by injection molding of short fiber materials, because are less probability of surfaces’ contact of details with specific surfaces of fibers.
Some characteristics of mechanical properties are showed in the table.
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Mechanical characteristics
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Characteristic |
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PA(secondary) +glass |
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PET(secondary) +glass |
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PP+glass (length of fibers 10…25mm) |
| Glass w. % |
20 |
30
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40
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20 |
30 |
45
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20 |
30
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40
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| Flexural modulus, GPa |
5,8
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8,8 |
9,4
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8,2 |
10,4 |
19,9
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4,4/4,7 |
4,4/4,9
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4,4/5,0
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| Flexural strength, MPa |
211
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271 |
280
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125
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150
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172 |
52/106 |
55/102
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83/114 |
| Tensile modulus, GPa |
7,2
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9,7
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11,9
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9,1
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11,5
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18,0 |
3,7/7,4
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5,5/8,1 |
5,0/8,9
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| Tensile strength, MPa |
155 |
185
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192 |
75
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90 |
110
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47/- |
46/48
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49/50
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| Elongation on break, % |
2,5 |
2,5
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2,1
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0,9
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0,8 |
0,6 |
3/- |
2,1/- |
2,5/-
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PA – polyamyde; PET – polyethylene terephthalate; PP – polypropylene
UNIDIRECTIONAL GLASS ROVING REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC PROFILES
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The profiles are produced by “on-line” pultrusion technology with impregnation of continuous glass roving (19200 tex and more) with thermoplastic polymer melt and successive profiled of bunch percolated strands or tapes. Profiles are intended for use in mechanical engineering, construction, in the electro- technical and furniture industry, as elements of the bearing constructions, directing, decorative and force elements (strengthening of concrete) etc.
Profiles have shining, polish surface. They are paint at any color by means concentrations’ addition into melt. Cross-sectional square of the profiles is up 100 mm2, the degree of reinforcement - up 50 w.%. Application 1 kg of glass reinforced profiles with thermoplastic matrix instead of aluminum saves up to 1.5-2.0 $US. |
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Some standard characteristics of mechanical properties of profiles and tapes are shown in the tables.
| Characteristics |
PA6- G20 |
PA6- G30 |
PA6- G40 |
PA6- G50 |
PP- G20 |
PET- G20 |
| Glass, w.% |
20 ± 2 |
30 ± 3 |
40 ± 4 |
50 ± 4 |
20 ± 2 |
20 3 |
| Density, g/cm3 |
1,28 |
1,36 |
1,45 |
1,56 |
11,5 |
1,4 |
| Flexural strength, MPa |
180 |
220 |
260 |
300 |
100 |
270 |
| Flexural modulus, GPa |
8,5 |
10,5 |
15,0 |
20,0 |
8,0 |
10,5 |
| Charpy impact strength, kJ/m2 |
500 |
600 |
700 |
800 |
350 |
450 |
| Shear strength, MPà |
70 |
80 |
100 |
120 |
50 |
70 |
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Some typical sections are shown on the picture.
| Characteristics |
Tape (PET secondary+glass) |
| Glass, w.% |
18 |
| Tensile modulus, GPa |
10.3 |
| Tensile strength, MPa |
180 |
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PIPES FROM FIBRE REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS
Application:
pipelines for a chemical and mining industry, agriculture, power, cold and hot water supply and water drain, for transportation of petroleum and gas.
Constructive and technological attributes
| Diameter |
50-1000 mm |
| Nominal pressure |
0,5-2,5 MPa |
| Temperature of operation |
up to 1000 C |
| Service life |
till 30 years |
| Application combined extrusion |
pultrusion process for reception of reinforced layers |
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The most essential features:
- Higher resistance to corrosion in comparison with metal pipes, reduction of weight of the pipeline both expenses for repair and replacement;
- Lower cost (in 2-3 times) in comparison with pipes from polyester or epoxy fibreglasses;
- Increase of working temperatures and pressure in comparison with pipes from polyethylene HD or LD, polypropylene at simultaneous decrease of weight and cost of unit of length of a pipe;
- Opportunity of connection both with metal, and with plastic pipes and fittings for them;
- Opportunity of use of the typical process equipment for manufacturing plastic pipes and low cost of the additional equipment and devices.
Offered services::
- Joint development of a design, technology of manufacturing of pipes and special equipment for the concrete consumers;
- Technical help in development of manufacture and transfer know-how.
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Characteristics of pipes
| Parameters |
Units |
Owens-Corning Eternit Rohre GmbH |
Plastron-P |
"Progress" Ltd (Russia) |
"Plast" Ltd (Russia) |
BSTU |
| Matrix |
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Polyester |
Polyester |
Epoxy |
Epoxy |
PEHD, PP, PELD, PET |
| Nominal diameter |
mm |
100-2400 |
50-400 |
60-400 |
75-130 |
50-1000 |
| Length |
m |
6-18 |
6 |
6-8 |
6 |
6 |
| Maximal temperature of operation |
0C |
90 |
60 |
110 |
60 |
100
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| Density |
g/cm3 |
1,8 |
1,8 |
1,8-1,95 |
1,8-1,9 |
1,5 |
| Cost of 1 kg of a material in a article |
$US |
5 |
5-6 |
5,5-7,5 |
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2-3 |
| Nominal pressure |
MPa |
0,6-1,6 |
up to 3,0 |
up to 4,0 |
up to 4,0 |
up to 2,5 |
COMPRESSION MOULDING OF ARTICLES FROM HIGH-FILLED THERMOPLASTICS
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Application:
manufacturing of articles from composite materials on a basis thermoplastic polymers, including secondary, filled by glass fibres or fibrous waste - wood sawdust, flax and other - up to 60 w. %.
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The process includes:
- combining of thermoplastic polymer granules with particles of filling directly ahead of plastication (direct combining);
- plastication (receipt of molten composition) in screw extruder;
- storage of a dose necessary for manufacturing of a article, and its transportation to the form;
- moulding a article in the form.
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The most essential features:
- application as fillers of cheap components, including taken from recycled products or waste - glass or flax fibres, flax-boon, wood sawdust and flour etc. - up to 60 w. %.
- application of high viscous polymer matrixes, for example, secondary - polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, ABC, PET etc.;
- manufacturing products of weight up to 5 kg with the sizes in the plan up to 1,0x0.5 m and thickness from 3 mm and more (depending on the sizes in the plan), including nonuniform thickness, beaded and flanged edges, bosses, inserts etc.;
- opportunity of drawing of decorative coatings direct in moulding process;
- opportunity of manufacturing of a product both in a place of an origin of components, and in a place of application of products;
- reduction of a manufacturing cycle till 3-10 min (depending on weight both sizes of a article and used equipment);
- use as the capital equipment standard screw extruder and hydraulic press;
- small expenses on forming devices and special equipment - storage and transportation devices.
Offered services:
- development of a design of articles and equipment, necessary for their manufacturing;
- manufacturing equipment and special devices;
- manufacturing and delivery of experimental batches of articles;
- technical help in development of articles, equipment and devices, and also in improvement of technology, including transfer a know-how.
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